Metacognition
Metacognition refers to the ability of an individual to think about own thinking. Metacognition is a deeper level of thinking to be aware of how we understand, adapt, change, control and use our thought processes.
The way we learn information is determined by the processes that we put in place. And so, if we are analysing how we are learning the information or how we are thinking about it. Metacognition can be helpful in any problem solving approach. Metacognitive therapies are helpful to prevent depression relapse by deviating one's mind away from the negative thoughts.
In many situations actively engaging in metacognition improves cognitive achievements. However, there are also some negative effects of it as well,
metacognition may sometimes disturb task performance as people tend to overthink about their thoughts thus disturbing psychological well being. Sometimes engaging in metacognition may outweigh its benefits in some certain circumstances.